【 以下文字转载自 FlywestTest 讨论区 】
发信人: medical (从零开始的小猫－PS), 信区: FlywestTest
标  题: 化学SUB中的人名试剂和反应
发信站: 我爱南开站 (2004年11月15日02:39:21 星期一)

人名反应和试剂：

这里主要是有机中遇到的一些比较生疏的东西，多来自model test

1 Sandmeyer reaction
used to prepare benzene derivatives

2 wittig reaction
the reaction of alkyl halides with triphenyl phosphine to yield triphenyl
alkyl phosphoniun salts

3 Ninhydrin test
used to identify amino acids

4 Tollen’s reagent
used in the silver mirror test for aldehyde

5 Lucas test
an alcohol is dissolved in a solution of zinc chloride and strong
hydrochloric acid. It’s time of reaction is then observed in order to
determine the type of alcohol present.

6 Perkin reaction

7 Felling’s test (also named Benedict’s test)
in the tests, aldehydes are oxidized

8 Baeyer’s test
used to confirm the presence of conjugated dienes

9 the ammonia test
the reaction of an ammonia derivative with an aldehyde (or ketone) resulting
in the production of an easily identifiable solid derivative

10 Niew land catalyst
in the presence of Niew land catalyst(NH4,CuCl), a acetylene demerize to
form vinylacetylene

11 Cannizzaro reaction
one reaction in which aldehydes are treated with concentrated aqueous base
and a disropotionation reaction results(歧化反应)

12 wurtz inversion
it is used to prepare symmetrical alkanes

13 McLafferty rearrangement
it is a fragmentation reation

14 Walden inversion is a reation in which the molecule is turned inside out
(如SN2反应)
15 Mohr method
it is a means of standardizing a silver nitrate solution using potassium
chloride as a primary standard

16 Liebig method
it involves the titration of aynanice with silver ion.

17 Mc Bridge method.
Potassium permanganate solution is standardized by the this method

18 Kjeldahl’s method
用来测量蛋白质含量：consistes of dehydration of the material, the carbon
being oxidized to CO2,and the nitrogen converted to ammonium sulfate. Then
the ammonia is liberated by the addition of strong alkali. This ammonia is
then caught in excess using standard sulfuric acid and remaining acid is
titrated with standard base.

19 Stephen reduction
applied primarily to aromatic systems; it involves treatment with stannous
chloride (SnCl2)and hydrogen chloride in an inert solvent. In the reaction
the acid derivative is reduced to an intermediate immonium salt which is
quickly hydrolyzed as shown below
Ph－CN ——> Ph－CHO (中间步骤省略，不好打)

20 Ullmann reaction
两个邻碘代硝基笨在铜的催化作用下加热，生成2，2’－二硝基联笨

这些反应在真题里倒是考的很少，但是我想知道了对以后的学习还是有用的
另外，还有一些我们知道的反应，我没有整理，因为有机书上一般都找得到
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FROM 10.10.108.167